The Samborombón Bay Reserve consists of a terrestrial area, the Integral Natural Reserve, and a marine area, the Defined Objective Natural Reserve. This protected area is part of the natural areas of Samborombón Bay, which are located along the entire bay, from Punta Piedras to Cabo San Antonio. The bay is an extensive intertidal zone, consisting mainly of marshes, brackish marshes and crab beds. It is home to wetlands of great importance for biodiversity, particularly for a large number of migratory bird species. This area is also one of the last refuges for the Pampas deer (Ozotocerus bezoarticus celer) and for the Pampas grasslands.

The flooded areas, marshes and swamps, generically called wetlands, are important habitats and refuges for endangered species that also have a high productivity value. The coastal zone and shallow waters, which have no real and concrete human use, are nevertheless substantial for the functioning of the rest of the bay, since they are a site of maximum productivity and generate resources not only for the reserve itself, but for all the surrounding species, since they are reproduction sites for innumerable marine organisms that are the basis for important economic activities.